Litsea cubeba is a member of the Lauraceae family, which includes the Cinnamomum species and Laurus nobilus or sweet bay. Parts of L. cubeba used include the pepper-like fruits (berries), bark and leaves. Litsea is grown in Tiawan, Japan and India, but primarily in China, which is also the primary market. The berry yields about 3.2% oil on distillation and has a distinct lemon character odor due to the presence of citral (geranial [41%] and neral [34%]), but may be much modified as the result of the presence of other substances. Litsea cubeba oil is often used as the basis for fine lemon flavors.