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维生素A

英文名: all-trans-Retinol

CAS: 68-26-8      分子式: C20H30O

分子量: 286.45200

别名:


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描述

Retinol (Vitamin A1) is one of the animal forms of vitamin A. It is a diterpenoid and an alcohol. It is convertible to other forms of vitamin A, and the retinyl ester derivative of the alcohol serves as the storage form of the vitamin in animals. When converted to the retinal (retinaldehyde) form, vitamin A is essential for vision, and when converted to retinoic acid is essential for skin health, teeth remineralization and bone growth. These chemical compounds are collectively known as retinoids, and possess the structural motif of all-trans retinol as a common feature in their structure. Structurally, all retinoids also possess a β-ionone ring and a polyunsaturated side chain, with either an alcohol, aldehyde, a carboxylic acid group or an ester group. The side chain is composed of four isoprenoid units, with a series of conjugated double bonds which may exist in trans- or cis-configuration. Retinol is produced in the body from the hydrolysis of retinyl esters, and from the reduction of retinal. Retinol in turn is ingested in a precursor form; animal sources (liver and eggs) contain retinyl esters, whereas plants (carrots, spinach) contain provitamin A carotenoids (these may also be considered simply vitamin A). Hydrolysis of retinyl esters results in retinol, while provitamin A carotenoids can be cleaved to produce retinal by carotene dioxygenase in the intestinal mucosa. Retinal, also known as retinaldehyde, can be reversibly reduced to produce retinol or it can be irreversibly oxidized to produce retinoic acid, which then cannot function as the vitamin in the eye. Commercial production of retinol typically requires retinal synthesis through reduction of a pentadiene derivative and subsequent acidification/hydrolysis of the resulting isomer to produce retinol. Pure retinol is extremely sensitive to oxidization and is prepared and transported at low temperatures and oxygen free atmospheres. When prepared as a dietary supplement, retinol is stabilized as the ester derivatives retinyl acetate or retinyl palmitate.

基本信息
英文名:
all-trans-Retinol
CAS号.:
68-26-8
别名:
VITAMIN A; Retinol;
分子式:
C20H30O
分子量:
286.45200
PSA:
20.23000
LogP:
5.51030
物化属性
外观:
Yellow to orange crystalline solid
密度:
0.954 g/cm3
熔点:
61-63 °C(lit.)
沸点:
137-138
闪点:
-26 °C
储存条件:
2-8ºC
安全信息
符号:
GHS07、GHS08
信号词:
Dangerous
危害声明:
H317; H319; H360; H413
警示性声明:
P201; P280; P305 + P351 + P338; P308 + P313
海关编码:
3004500000
WGK Germany:
3
危险类别码:
R22; R38
安全说明:
S36/37-S61-S62
危险品标志:
Xn; F; N
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